Digital Communications MCQs – Error Detection & Channel Coding MCQs ( Digital Communications ) MCQs
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Error Detection & Channel Coding MCQs ( Digital Communications ) MCQs – Digital Communications MCQs
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Error Detection and Correction 1
1. In layering, n layers provide service to
a) n layer
b) n-1 layer
c) n+1 layer
d) none of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: In layering n layer provides service to n+1 layer and use the service provided by n-1 layer.
2. Which can be used as an intermediate device in between transmitter entity and receiver entity?
a) IP router
b) Microwave router
c) Telephone switch
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Explanation: IP router, microwave router and telephone switch can be used as an intermediate device between communication of two entities.
3. Which has comparatively high frequency component?
a) Sine wave
b) Cosine wave
c) Square wave
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Square wave has comparatively high frequency component in them.
4. Which has continuous transmission?
a) Asynchronous
b) Synchronous
c) Asynchronous & Synchronous
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Synchronous has continuous transmission where as asynchronous have sporadic transmission.
5. Which requires bit transitions?
a) Asynchronous
b) Synchronous
c) Asynchronous & Synchronous
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Synchronous transmission needs bit transition.
6. In synchronous transmission, receiver must stay synchronous for
a) 4 bits
b) 8 bits
c) 9 bits
d) 16 bits
Answer: c
Explanation: In synchronous transmission, receiver must stay synchronous for 9 bits.
7. How error detection and correction is done?
a) By passing it through equalizer
b) By passing it through filter
c) By amplifying it
d) By adding redundancy bits
Answer: d
Explanation: Error can be detected and corrected by adding additional information that is by adding redundancy bits.
8. Which is more efficient?
a) Parity check
b) Cyclic redundancy check
c) Parity & Cyclic redundancy check
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Cyclic redundancy check is more efficient than parity check.
9. Which can detect two bit errors?
a) Parity check
b) Cyclic redundancy check
c) Parity & Cyclic redundancy check
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: CRC is more powerful and it can detect various kind of errors like 2 bit errors.
10. CRC uses
a) Multiplication
b) Binary division
c) Multiplication & Binary division
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: CRC uses more math like multiplication and binary division.
Error Detection and Correction 2
1. Which needs re-sending of signal?
a) Error correction
b) Error detection
c) Error correction & detection
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Error detection needs re-sending of data.
2. Which needs more check bits?
a) Error correction
b) Error detection
c) Error correction & detection
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Error correction needs more check bits where as error detection needs less check bits.
3. Which gets less affected by noise?
a) Error correction
b) Error detection
c) Error correction & detection
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Error detection is less affected by noise.
4. Which is used to protect privacy of the information?
a) Compression coding
b) Source coding
c) Cipher coding
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Cipher coding is used to provide privacy for the information.
5. Digital signals are easy for
a) Storage
b) Handling
c) Time dilation
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Explanation: Digital signals have ease of handing, storage and time dilation.
6. Which are forward error correcting codes?
a) Block codes
b) Convolutional codes
c) Block & Convolutional codes
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Block codes and convolutional codes are examples of forward error correcting codes.
7. Which operates on continuous stream of data?
a) Block codes
b) Convolutional codes
c) Block & Convolutional codes
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Convolutional codes operates on a continuous stream of data.
8. Which is more complex?
a) Encoding
b) Decoding
c) Encoding & Decoding
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: In the case of block codes, decoding is a complex method.
9. Which has better minimum distance?
a) Check sum
b) Cyclic redundancy check
c) Check sum & Cyclic redundancy check
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Cyclic redundancy check has better distances.
10. In symmetric key cryptosystem, who knows the key?
a) Sender
b) Receiver
c) Sender & Receiver
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: In symmetric key cryptosystem, both sender and receiver knows the same key.
Codes and Coding Technique
1. While recovering signal, which gets attenuated more?
a) Low frequency component
b) High frequency component
c) Low & High frequency component
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: High frequency components are attenuated more when compared to low frequency components while recovering the signals.
2. Mutual information should be
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Positive & Negative
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Mutual information can also be negative.
3. ASCII code is a
a) Fixed length code
b) Variable length code
c) Fixed & Variable length code
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: ASCII code is a fixed length code. It has a fixed length of 7 bits.
4. Which reduces the size of the data?
a) Source coding
b) Channel coding
c) Source & Channel coding
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Source coding reduces the size of the data and channel coding increases the size of the data.
5. In digital image coding which image must be smaller in size?
a) Input image
b) Output image
c) Input & Output image
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: In digital image coding, output image must be smaller than the input image.
6. Which coding method uses entropy coding?
a) Lossless coding
b) Lossy coding
c) Lossless & Lossy coding
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Lossy source coding uses entropy coding.
7. Which achieves greater compression?
a) Lossless coding
b) Lossy coding
c) Lossless & Lossy coding
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Lossy coding achieves greater compression where as lossless coding achieves only moderate compression.
8. A code is a mapping from
a) Binary sequence to dicrete set of symbols
b) Discrete set of symbols to binary sequence
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: A code is a mapping from discrete set of symbols to finite binary sequence.
9. Which are uniquely decodable codes?
a) Fixed length codes
b) Variable length codes
c) Fixed & Variable length codes
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Fixed length codes are uniquely decodable codes where as variable length codes may or may not be uniquely decodable.
10. A rate distortion function is a
a) Concave function
b) Convex function
c) Increasing function
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: A rate distortion function is a monotone decreasing function and also a convex function.
Interpolation
1. Interpolation is done by
a) Curve fitting
b) Regression analysis
c) Curve fitting & Regression analysis
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Interpolating the value requires or is done by curve fitting and regression analysis.
2. Interpolation provides a mean for estimating functions
a) At the beginning points
b) At the ending points
c) At the intermediate points
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Interpolation provides a mean for estimating the function at the intermediate points.
3. Interpolation methods are
a) Linear interpolation
b) Piecewise constant interpolation
c) Polynomial interpolation
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Explanation: Some of the interpolation techniques are linear interpolation, piecewise constant interpolation, polynomial interpolation, spline interpolation etc.
4. Linear interpolation is
a) Easy
b) Precise
c) Easy & Precise
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Linear interpolation is quick and easy but not precise.
5. Error is equal to
a) Distance between the data points
b) Square of the distance between the data points
c) Half the distance between the data points
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Error is equal to square of the distance between the data points.
6. Which produces smoother interpolants?
a) Polynomial interpolation
b) Spline interpolation
c) Polynomial & Spline interpolation
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Polynomial interpolation and spline interpolation produces smoother interpolants.
7. Which is more expensive?
a) Polynomial interpolation
b) Linear interpolation
c) Polynomial & Linear interpolation
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Polynomial interpolation is more expensive than linear interpolation.
8. Gaussian process is a _____ interpolation process.
a) Linear
b) Non linear
c) Not an interpolation process
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Gaussian process is a non linear interpolation process.
9. Interpolation means
a) Adding new data points
b) Only aligning old data points
c) Only removing old data points
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Interpolation is a method of adding new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points.
10. Interpolation is a method of
a) Interrelating
b) Estimating
c) Integrating
d) Combining
Answer: b
Explanation: Interpolation is a method of estimating the value of the function.
Information and Coding
1. Self information should be
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Positive & Negative
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Self information is always non negative.
2. The unit of average mutual information is
a) Bits
b) Bytes
c) Bits per symbol
d) Bytes per symbol
Answer: a
Explanation: The unit of average mutual information is bits.
3. When probability of error during transmission is 0.5, it indicates that
a) Channel is very noisy
b) No information is received
c) Channel is very noisy & No information is received
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: When probability of error during transmission is 0.5 then the channel is very noisy and thus no information is received.
4. Binary Huffman coding is a
a) Prefix condition code
b) Suffix condition code
c) Prefix & Suffix condition code
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Binary Huffman coding is a prefix condition code.
5. The event with minimum probability has least number of bits.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Explanation: In binary Huffman coding the event with maximum probability has least number of bits.
6. The method of converting a word to stream of bits is called as
a) Binary coding
b) Source coding
c) Bit coding
d) Cipher coding
Answer: b
Explanation: Source coding is the method of converting a word to stream of bits that is 0’s and 1’s.
7. When the base of the logarithm is 2, then the unit of measure of information is
a) Bits
b) Bytes
c) Nats
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: When the base of the logarithm is 2 then the unit of measure of information is bits.
8. When X and Y are statistically independent, then I (x,y) is
a) 1
b) 0
c) Ln 2
d) Cannot be determined
Answer: b
Explanation: When X and Y are statistically independent the measure of information I (x,y) is 0.
9. The self information of random variable is
a) 0
b) 1
c) Infinite
d) Cannot be determined
Answer: c
Explanation: The self information of a random variable is infinity.
10. Entropy of a random variable is
a) 0
b) 1
c) Infinite
d) Cannot be determined
Answer: c
Explanation: Entropy of a random variable is also infinity.
11. Which is more efficient method?
a) Encoding each symbol of a block
b) Encoding block of symbols
c) Encoding each symbol of a block & Encoding block of symbols
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: Encoding block of symbols is more efficient than encoding each symbol of a block.
12. Lempel-Ziv algorithm is
a) Variable to fixed length algorithm
b) Fixed to variable length algorithm
c) Fixed to fixed length algorithm
d) Variable to variable length algorithm
Answer: a
Explanation: Lempel-Ziv algorithm is a variable to fixed length algorithm.
13. Coded system are inherently capable of better transmission efficiency than the uncoded system.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: Yes, the coded systems are capable of better transmission efficiency than the uncoded system.