Latest Chemical Engineering MCQs – Competitive Thermodynamics MCQs
This post is comprising of latest ” Thermodynamics MCQs – Latest Competitive Chemical Engineering MCQs “. Here you’ll get latest chemical engineering mcqs for written test, interview with answers. If you want to improve your knowledge regarding chemical engineering then read these mcqs of Design of Steel Structures.
Latest Chemical Engineering MCQs
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Latest Thermodynamics Mcqs
The most occurred mcqs of Thermodynamics in past papers. Past papers of Thermodynamics Mcqs. Past papers of Thermodynamics Mcqs . Mcqs are the necessary part of any competitive / job related exams. The Mcqs having specific numbers in any written test. It is therefore everyone have to learn / remember the related Thermodynamics Mcqs. The Important series of Thermodynamics Mcqs are given below:
Which of the following is an undesirable characteristic of a refrigerant ?
A. Its vapor pressure at the condenser temperature should be very high
B. It should have a sub-atmospheric vapor pressure at the temperature in refrigerator coils
C. It should be non-explosive
D. None of these
Sound waves propagation in air exemplifies an ______________ process?
A. Adiabatic
B. Isometric
C. Isothermal
D. None of these
Work done may be calculated by the expression ∫ p dA for _____________ processes ?
A. Adiabatic
B. Non-flow reversible
C. Both A. and B
D. Neither A. nor B
1m3 of an ideal gas at 500 K and 1000 kPa expands reversibly to 5 times its initial volume in an insulated container. If the specific heat capacity (at constant pressure) of the gas is 21 J/mole . K, the final temperature will be ?
A. 174 K
B. 35 K
C. 274 K
D. 154 K
In the reaction; N2 + O2 ⇌ 2NO, increasing the pressure will result in_________________?
A. Shifting the equilibrium towards left
B. Shifting the equilibrium towards right
C. No change in equilibrium condition
D. None of these
At a given temperature, the volume of a gas dissolved in a solvent _______________ with increase in pressure?
A. Decreases
B. Increases
C. Remains unchanged
D. May increase or decrease; depends on the gas
____________ does not change during phase transformation processes like sublimation, melting & vaporisation?
A. Internal energy
B. Gibbs free energy
C. Entropy
D. All (A), B. & (C)
At constant temperature and pressure, for one mole of a pure substance, the ratio of the free energy to the chemical potential is____________________?
A. Infinity
B. One
C. Zero
D. Negative
Lenz’s law results from the law of conservation of___________________?
A. Momentum
B. Mass
C. Energy
D. None of these
Which of the following units is not present in both the vapor compression refrigeration system and absorption refrigeration system ?
A. Condenser
B. Expansion valve
C. Refrigerator
D. Compressor
One ton of refrigeration capacity is equivalent to the heat removal rate of____________________?
A. 200 BTU/hr
B. 50 kcal/hr
C. 200 BTU/minute
D. 200 BTU/day
Entropy, which is a measure of the disorder of a system, is__________________?
A. Independent of temperature
B. Independent of pressure
C. Zero at absolute zero temperature for a perfect crystalline substance
D. All A, B. & C
A refrigerator works on the principle of _____________ law of thermodynamics?
A. First
B. Zeroth
C. Second
D. Third
Gibbs free energy (G) is represented by, G = H – TS, whereas Helmholtz free energy, A. is given by, A = E – TS. Which of the following is the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation ?
A. [∂(A/T)/∂T]V = – E/T2
B. [∂(G/T)/∂T] = – (H/T2)
C. Both A. and B.
D. Neither A. nor B.
Pick out the correct statement?
A. Like internal energy and enthalpy, the absolute value of standard entropy for elementary substances is zero
B. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its pressure
C. Melting of ice involves increase in enthalpy and a decrease in randomness
D. Maximum work is done under reversible conditions
A thermodynamic system is taken from state A to B along ACB and is brought back to A along BDA as shown below in the P-V diagram. The net work done during the complete cycle is given by the area covered by_________________?
A. ACBB1A1A
B. P1ACBP2P1
C. ACBDA
D. ADBB1A1A
The equation relating E, P, V and T which is true for all substances under all conditions is given by (∂E/∂V)T = T(∂P/∂T)H – P. This equation is called the ___________________?
A. Equation of state
B. Thermodynamic equation of state
C. Maxwell’s equation
D. Redlich-Kwong equation of state
Process Control And Instrumentation Mcqs
Cv is given by__________________?
A. (∂E/∂T)V
B. (∂E/∂P)V
C. (∂E/∂V)T
D. (∂V/∂T)P
There is a change in ______________ during the phase transition?
A. Volume
B. Temperature
C. Pressure
D. All a, b & c
In Joule-Thomson porous plug experiment, the__________________?
A. Temperature remains constant
B. Entire apparatus is exposed to surroundings
C. Enthalpy does not remain constant
D. None of these
A gas mixture of three components is brought in contact with a dispersion of an organic phase in water. The degree of freedom of the system is______________?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 4
D. 6
A cyclic engine exchanges heat with two reservoirs maintained at 100 and 300°C respectively. The maximum work (in J) that can be obtained from 1000 J of heat extracted from the hot reservoir is_________________?
A. 349
B. 667
C. 651
D. 1000
Chemical potential (an intensive property) of a substance is a force that drives the chemical system to equilibrium and is equal to its partial molar properties. The ratio of chemical potential to free energy of a pure substance at constant temperature and pressure is________________?
A. ∞
B. 1
C. 0
D. None of these
One mole of nitrogen at 8 bar and 600 K is contained in a piston-cylinder arrangement. It is brought to 1 bar isothermally against a resisting pressure of 1 bar. The work done (in Joules) by the gas is_________________?
A. 4988.4
B. 10373
C. 30554
D. 4364.9
Trouton’s ratio of ______________ liquids is calculated using Kistyakowsky equation?
A. Polar
B. Non-polar
C. Both of the above
D. Neither of the above
The shape of T-S diagram for Carnot Cycle is a__________________?
A. Rectangle
B. Trapezoid
C. Rhombus
D. Circle
Claude’s liquefaction process employs the cooling of gases by__________________?
A. Expansion in an engine
B. Throttling
C. Following a constant pressure cycle
D. None of these
“The rate at which a substance reacts is proportional to its active mass and the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the product of active masses of the reacting substances”. This is the_________________?
A. Le-Chatelier’s principle
B. Statement of Van’t Hoff Equation
C. Lewis-Randall rule
D. None of these
A Carnot cycle consists of the following steps ?
A. Two isothermal and two isentropic
B. Two isochoric and two isobaric
C. Two isobaric and two isothermal
D. Two isothermals and two isochoric
A solid is transformed into vapour without going to the liquid phase at_________________?
A. Triple point
B. Below triple point
C. Boiling point
D. Always
When a gas is subjected to adiabatic expansion, it gets cooled due to__________________?
A. Decrease in temperature
B. Decrease in velocity
C. Decrease in kinetic energy
D. Energy spent in doing work
Work done in case of free expansion is____________________?
A. Negative
B. Zero
C. Indeterminate
D. None of these
Ideal gas law is applicable at____________________?
A. High T, high P
B. Low T, low P
C. Low T, high P
D. High T, low P
For an isothermal process, the internal energy of a gas____________________?
A. Decreases
B. Increases
C. Remains unchanged
D. Data insufficient, can’t be predicted
The molar excess Gibbs free energy, gE, for a binary liquid mixture at T and P is given by, (gE/RT) = A . x1. x2, where A is a constant. The corresponding equation for ln y1, where y1 is the activity co-efficient of component 1, is__________________?
A. A . x22
B. Ax2
C. Ax1
D. Ax12
The standard Gibbs free energy change of a reaction depends on the equilibrium______________________?
A. Composition
B. Temperature
C. Pressure
D. All A, B. and C
The most important application of distribution law is in_____________________?
A. Drying
B. Liquid extraction
C. Evaporation
D. Distillation
Enthalpy changes over a constant pressure path are always zero for ______________ gas?
A. A real
B. A perfect
C. An easily liquefiable
D. Any
Fugacity is most helpful in____________________?
A. Representing actual behaviour of real gases
B. The study of chemical equilibria involving gases at atmospheric pressure
C. Representing actual behaviour of ideal gases
D. None of these
During adiabatic expansion of gas___________________?
A. Pressure is increased
B. Pressure remains constant
C. Temperature remains constant
D. None of these
What is the degree of freedom for a system comprising liquid water equilibrium with its vapour ?
A. 2
B. 1
C. 0
D. 3
In an ideal solution, the activity of a component equals its __________________?
A. Mole fraction
B. Partial pressure
C. Fugacity at the same temperature and pressure
D. None of these
Which of the following non-flow reversible compression processes require maximum work ?
A. Adiabatic process
B. Isobaric process
C. Isothermal process
D. All require same work
Fluid Mechanics Mcqs
Pressure-enthalpy chart is useful in refrigeration. The change in internal energy of an ideal fluid used in ideal refrigeration cycle is_____________________?
A. Negative
B. Positive
C. Zero
D. Infinity
Which of the following is Clausius-Clapeyron Equation for vaporisation of an ideal gas under the condition that the molar volume of liquid is negligible compared to that of the vapor ?
A. d ln p/dt = Hvap/RT2
B. dp/dt = RT2/Hvap
C. d ln p/dt = RT2/Hvap
D. dp/dt = Hvap/RT2
Cp – Cv = R is valid for ______________ gases?
A. Ideal
B. Very low temperature
C. Very high pressure
D. All of the above
If two pure liquid constituents are mixed in any proportion to give an ideal solution, there is no change in____________________?
A. Enthalpy
B. Volume
C. Both A. & B
D. Neither A. nor B
Activity co-efficient is a measure of the____________________?
A. Departure from ideal solution behaviour
B. Vapour pressure of liquid
C. Departure of gas phase from ideal gas law
D. None of these
Fugacity and pressure are numerically equal, when the gas is____________________?
A. At high pressure
B. In standard state
C. At low temperature
D. In ideal state
Third law of thermodynamics is concerned with the__________________?
A. Value of absolute entropy
B. Direction of energy transfer
C. Energy transfer
D. None of these
Clapeyron Equation deals with the____________________?
A. Rate of change of vapour pressure with temperature
B. Calculation of ΔF for spontaneous phase change
C. Effect of an inert gas on vapour pressure
D. Temperature dependence of heat of phase transition
For an ideal gas, the enthalpy__________________?
A. Decreases with rise in pressure
B. Increases with rise in pressure
C. Is independent of pressure
D. Is a path function
Fugacity and pressure are numerically not equal for the gases__________________?
A. At standard state
B. At low temperature and high pressure
C. Both A. and B
D. In ideal state
Work done in an adiabatic process between two states depends on the__________________?
A. Initial state only
B. Rate of heat transmission
C. End states only
D. None of these
Which is an example of closed system ?
A. Boiler
B. Liquid cooling system of an automobile
C. Air compressor
D. None of these
For a reversible process involving only pressure-volume work____________________?
A. (dA)T, v < 0
C. (dF)T, p = 0
D. (dF)T, p 0
Gibbs-Duhem equation relates composition in liquid phase and the _____________ at constant temperature & pressure?
A. Partial pressure
B. Fugacity
C. Activity co-efficient
D. All (A), (B), and (C)
A reasonably general expression for vapour-liquid phase equilibrium at low to moderate pressure is φi yi P = Yi xifi° where, Φ is a vapor fugacity component, Yi is the liquid activity coefficient and fi° is the fugacity of the pure component i. the Ki value (Yi = Ki xi) is therefore, in general a function of ______________________?
A. Temperature and pressure only
B. Temperature only
C. Temperature, pressure and liquid composition xi only
D. Temperature, pressure, liquid composition xi and vapour composition yi
The reaction A (l) → R(g) is allowed to reach equilibrium conditions in an autoclave. At equilibrium, there are two phases, one a pure liquid phase of A and the other a vapor phase of A, R and S. Initially A alone is present. The numbers of degrees of freedom are ?
A. 3
B. 2
C. 1
D. 0
Air enters an adiabatic compressor at 300K. The exit temperature for a compression ratio of 3, assuming air to be an ideal gas (Y = Cp/Cv = 7/5) and the process to be reversible, is___________________?
A. 300 × (32/7)
B. 300 × (333/7)
C. 300 × (33/5)
D. 300 × (35/7)
What is the ratio of adiabatic compressibility to isothermal compressibility ?
A. > 1
B. < 1
C. 1
D. >> 1
“Dry ice” is________________?
A. Solid helium
B. Moisture free ice
C. Solid carbon dioxide
D. None of these
Henry’s law is closely obeyed by a gas, when its _____________ is extremely high?
A. Solubility
B. Pressure
C. Temperature
D. None of these
In the equation, PVn = Constant, if the value of n = 0, then it represents a reversible ______________ process?
A. Isobaric
B. Isentropic
C. Isothermal
D. Isometric
Which of the following is an extensive property of a system ?
A. Heat capacity
B. Pressure
C. Molal heat capacity
D. Concentration
In a homogeneous solution, the fugacity of a component depends upon the __________________?
A. Composition
B. Pressure
C. Temperature
D. All (A), B. and (C)
Compressibility factor of a gas is___________________?
A. Not a function of its pressure
B. Not a function of its temperature
C. Not a function of its nature
D. Unity, if it follows PV = nRT
Gibbs free energy of mixing at constant pressure and temperature is always__________________?
A. ∞
B. 0
C. + ve
D. – ve
For an incompressible fluid, the _______________ is a function of both pressure as well as temperature?
A. Entropy
B. Enthalpy
C. Internal energy
D. All (A), B. & (C)
Plant-Economics Mcqs
When dilute aqueous solutions of two salts are mixed, the process is associated with ___________________?
A. No change in temperature
B. Increase in temperature
C. Decrease in temperature
D. Change in temperature which is a function of composition
For a cyclic process, a fixed ratio between heat and work___________________?
A. Always exists
B. Never exists
C. May exist
D. Is difficult to predict
Equilibrium constant of a reaction varies with the____________________?
A. Pressure
B. Initial concentration of the reactant
C. Temperature
D. None of these
Which of the following is not a reversible process ?
A. Atmospheric pressure vaporisation of water at 100°C
B. Expansion of an ideal gas against constant pressure
C. Solution of NaCl in water at 50°C
D. None of these
With increase in reduced temperature, the fugacity co-efficient of a gas at constant reduced pressure___________________?
A. Increases
B. Remain same
C. Decreases
D. Decreases linearly
The expression for entropy change given by, ΔS = nR ln (V2/V1) + nCv ln (T2/T1) is valid for ______________________?
A. Reversible isothermal volume change
B. Cooling of a substance
C. Heating of a substance
D. Simultaneous heating and expansion of an ideal gas
Critical temperature is defined as the temperature above which a gas will____________________?
A. Immediately liquify
B. Not liquify (barring exceptions)
C. Never liquify however high the pressure may be
D. None of these
For equilibrium process (i.e. reversible) in an isolated system __________________?
A. ds = 0
B. ds = Constant
D. ds 0
Forward reaction will be favoured for the exothermic reaction, represented by CO + H2O ⇌ CO2 + H2, by_________________?
A. Low temperature and high pressure
B. High temperature and high pressure
C. Low temperature and low pressure
D. High temperature and low pressure
If two gases have same reduced temperature and reduced pressure, then they will have the same____________________?
A. Mass
B. Volume
C. Critical temperature
D. None of these
“The fugacity of a gas in a mixture is equal to the product of its mole fraction and its fugacity in the pure state at the total pressure of the mixture”. This is__________________?
A. Henry’s law
B. Called Lewis-Randall rule
C. The statement as per Gibbs-Helmholtz
D. None of these
The internal energy of an ideal gas is a function of its _____________ only?
A. Volume
B. Molecular size
C. Pressure
D. Temperature
Third law of thermodynamics is helpful in___________________?
A. Prediction of the extent of a chemical reaction
B. Evaluating entropy changes of chemical reaction
C. Calculating absolute entropies of substances at different temperature
D. Both B. and C.
Entropy change for an irreversible process taking system and surrounding together is___________________?
A. < 0
B. > 0
C. 0
D. None of these
____________ explains the equilibrium constant for any chemical reaction?
A. Hess’s law
B. Law of mass action
C. Henry’s law
D. None of these
“When a system in equilibrium is subjected to a change in temperature, pressure or concentration, the equilibrium is displaced in a direction which tends to undo the effect of the change.” This is called the_______________?
A. Le-Chatelier principle
B. Law of corresponding state
C. Kopp’s rule
D. Arrhenius hypothesis
The adiabatic throttling process of a perfect gas is one of constant enthalpy_________________?
A. Which is exemplified by a non-steady flow expansion
B. In which there is a temperature drop
C. Which can be performed in a pipe with a constriction
D. In which there is an increase in temperature
The compressibility factor for an ideal gas is 1. Its value for any other real gas is_______________?
A. 1
B. 2
D. Either B. or C, depends on the nature of the gas
Choose the condition that must be specified in order to liquify CO2 (triple point for CO2 is – 57°C and 5.2 atm) ?
A. Temperature must be kept above – 57°C
B. Pressure must be kept below 5.2 atm
C. Pressure must be kept below 5.2 atm. and temperature must be kept above 57°C
D. Pressure and temperature must be kept below 5.2 atm. and – 57°C respectively
The change in __________ is equal to the reversible work for compression in steady state flow process under isothermal condition?
A. Enthalpy
B. Internal energy
C. Gibbs free energy
D. Helmholtz free energy
Gibbs free energy (F) is defined as__________________?
A. F = H + TS
B. F = H – TS
C. F = E – TS
D. F = E + TS
A refrigeration cycle is the same as a _____________ cycle?
A. Heat engine
B. Turbine
C. Reversed heat engine
D. None of these
The partial molar enthalpy of a component in an ideal binary gas mixture of composition Z, at a temperature T and pressure P, is a function only of________________?
A. T, P and Z
B. T and P
C. T
D. T and Z
A solute distributes itself between two non-miscible solvents in contact with each other in such a way that, at a constant temperature, the ratio of its concentrations in two layers is constant, irrespective of its total amount”. This is_________________?
A. The distribution law
B. A corollary of Henry’s law
C. Followed from Margules equation
D. None of these
Pick out the wrong statement_________________?
A. CP and CV are state function
B. Heat and work are both state function
C. The work done by expansion of a gas in vacuum is zero
D. Phase rule variables are intensive properties
Efficiency of a Carnot engine working between temperatures T1 and T2 (T1 < T) is ________________?
A. (T2 – T1)/T2
B. (T1 – T2)/T2
C. (T2 – T1)/T1
D. (T1 – T2)/T1
Chemical potential of ith component of a system is given by________________?
A. μi = (∂F/∂ni)T, P, ni
B. μi = (∂F/∂ni)T, P
C. μi = (∂A/∂ni)T, P, ni
D. μi = (∂A/∂ni)T, P
Kopp’s rule is used to calculate the heat capacity of___________________?
A. Solids
B. Gases
C. Liquids
D. All (A), B. & (C)
An isolated system can exchange ______________ with its surroundings?
A. Energy
B. Matter
C. Neither matter nor energy
D. Both matter and energy
Heat of formation of an element in its standard state is___________________?
A. 0
B. A function of pressure
D. 1
Pick out the wrong statement. A. The conversion for a gas phase reaction increases with decrease in pressure, if there is an increase in volume accompanying the reaction________________?
A. With increase in temperature, the equilibrium constant increases for an exothermic reaction
B. None of the above
C. The conversion for a gas phase reaction increases with increase in pressure, if there is a decrease in volume accompanying the reaction
D. The equilibrium constant of a reaction depends upon temperature only