New Medical MCQs – Updated Endocrinology ( Physiology ) MCQs
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Latest Medical MCQs
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Latest Endocrinology ( Physiology ) Mcqs
The most occurred mcqs of Endocrinology ( Physiology ) in past papers. Past papers of Endocrinology ( Physiology ) Mcqs. Past papers of Endocrinology ( Physiology ) Mcqs . Mcqs are the necessary part of any competitive / job related exams. The Mcqs having specific numbers in any written test. It is therefore everyone have to learn / remember the related Endocrinology ( Physiology ) Mcqs. The Important series of Endocrinology ( Physiology ) Mcqs are given below:
Hypothyroidism should be treated with daily administration of which of the following thyroid hormone preparations ?
A. Thyroglobulin
B. Thyroid extract
C. Thyroxine (T4)
D. Triiodothyronine (T3)
Hypercalcemia associated with malignancy is most often mediated by _____________?
A. Interleukin – 6 ( IL- 6)
B. Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP)
C. Parathyroid hormone ( PTH)
D. Calcitonin
Insulin facilitates glucose uptake in____________?
A. Red blood cells
B. Kidney tubules
C. Brain
D. Skeletal muscle
Not a glycoprotein_______________?
A. LH
B. FSH
C. TSH
D. GH
Cortisol______________?
A. Secretion increases following injury
B. Enhances antigen – antibody reactions
C. Favours protein synthesis
D. Tends to lower blood pressure
All are seen in Cushing ‘s syndrome except_______________?
A. Hypertension
B. Truncal obesity
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Poor wound healing
Which is false regarding insulin______________?
A. Causes lipogenesis
B. Glycopeptide
C. Secreted by beta cells
D. Promotes glycogenesis
Human chorionic gonadotrophin hormone ( HCG)______________?
A. Is a steroid hormone
B. Production is greatest in the last three months of pregnancy
C. Can be identified in the urine of pregnant women by immunological technique
D. Acts on the uterus to maintain integrity of endometrium in early pregnancy
Regarding myxedema the following are true except______________?
A. Impotency, amenorrhea
B. Swollen, oedematous look of the face
C. B.M.R increased by 30 -45%
D. Dullness, loss of memory
The catecholamines secreted by adrenal medulla______________?
A. Increases the blood glucose level by favoring glycogenolysis in blood and muscle cells
B. Increase the splanchnic blood flow
C. Decrease the level o free fatty acids and ketone bodies
D. Are under the control of parasy
In thyrotoxicosis , there is______________?
A. Increase in calcium excretion
B. Increase in serum proteins which bind throxine
C. Potentiation of catecholamine action
D. Decrease in calcium excretion
Progesterone production in the ovary is primarily by______________?
A. Corpora albicans
B. Stroma
C. Corpora lutea
D. Mature follicles
All the following hormones are secreted by adrenal cortex except_______________?
A. Estriol
B. Corticosterone
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
Contraceptive action of combined pill is mainly due to_______________?
A. Prevents the fertilization
B. Decrease in tubal motility
C. Prevents the implantation of fertilized egg
D. Inhibits ovulation
Epinephrine is most closely related in structure to ____________________?
A. Methionine
B. Tyrosine
C. Niacin
D. Glycerol
Steroid hormones are believed to enter target cells via_______________?
A. Carrier – mediated endocytosis
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Cholesterol lined pores in the plasma membrane
D. Simple diffusion
Which of the following statements about the action of the somatomedin is true ?
A. They antagonize the effect of insulin
B. They inhibit protein synthesis
C. They promote growth of bone and cartilage
D. They mediated the local effects of Somatostatin
Hormone released during increased stress is_____________?
A. Cortisol
B. Growth hormone
C. Thyroxine
D. Somatostatin
Features of hypothyroidism does not include______________?
A. Hypertension
B. Obseity
C. High TSH levels
D. Increased risk of infections
The primary site of action of antidiuretic hormone is on the_______________?
A. Distal tubules and collecting ducts in the kidney
B. Thirst center in the hypothalamus
C. Afferent arterioles of the glomeruli
D. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
The hormone , which stimulates uterus contraction and lets down milk, is_____________?
A. Prolactin
B. Progesterone
C. Prostaglandin
D. Oxytocin
Which hormone does not have corresponding release hormone produced in pituitary ?
A. ACTH
B. Prolactin
C. TSH
D. FSH
Thyroxine causes all the following except______________?
A. Decreased cell metabolism
B. Increased pulmonary ventilation
C. Increased oxygen consumption
D. Increased basal metabolism
Which of the following hormones increase the sensitivity of heart to epinephrine________________?
A. Insulin
B. Parathyroid
C. Thyroid
D. Glucagon
Which of the following is called hunger hormone______________?
A. Pituitary
B. Glucagon
C. Epinephrine
D. Thyroxine
Posterior pituitary insufficiency leads to______________?
A. Dwarfism
B. Diabetes insipidus
C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Cretinism
The blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus is decreased by removal of the______________?
A. Parathyroids
B. Thyroid
C. Anterior pituitary
D. Posterior pituitary
Adrenaline used for controlling of bleeding during surgery may result in________________?
A. Drastic fall in blood pressure
B. Cardiac arrhythmias
C. Syncope
D. Precipitation of allergic reaction
The primary effect of calcitonin is__________________?
A. Bone deposition
B. Increases intestinal absorption of calcium
C. Bone resorption
D. Decreases intestinal absorption of calcium
The decreased phosphate level seen in hyper parathyroidism is due to ________________?
A. Increased calcium excretion
B. Decreased intestinal phosphate absorption
C. Decreased renal phosphate absorption
D. Increased loss of phosphate in urine
The hormone whose deficiency causes diabetes insipidus is released from which nucleus of pituitary ________________?
A. Supraoptic
B. Suprachiasmatic
C. Pre optic
D. Paraventricular
Aldosterone production is controlled by _____________?
A. Anterior pituitary gland
B. Hypothalamus
C. Posterior pituitary gland
D. Adrenal gland
Hormones, which stimulate spermatogenesis, are______________?
A. A.D.H. and Oxytocin
B. Thyroxine and parathormone
C. Insulin and glucagon
D. Testosterone and F.S.H
Which of the following results due to excessive parathormone secretion_______________?
A. Decrease excretion of calcium
B. Increased serum calcium
C. Increased excretion of phosphates
D. Increase excretion of calcium
Bone metabolism is controlled by ____________?
A. Parathormone
B. Vit – D & Calcium
C. Calcitonin
D. All of the above
Changes in biological activity occurring daily are referred as _________ rhythm?
A. Circadian
B. Circa sestin
C. Circa triginatan
D. Circannual
Iodine is primarily important in the biochemical synthesis of______________?
A. Adrenaline
B. Thyroxine
C. ACTH
D. Calcitonin
Trousseau’s sign and chovstek’s sings are positive in___________?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hyperparathyroidism
C. Hypoparathyroidism
D. Hyperthyroidism
Vasopressin is synthesized in the_____________?
A. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
B. Hypothalamus
C. Anterior pituitary
D. Vasomotor center
Aldosterone______________?
A. Increases exceretion of potassium
B. Increases reabsorption of sodium
C. Increases retention of sodium
D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’
A phaeochromocytoma is a tumour of the____________?
A. Parathyroids
B. Adrenal cortex
C. Pituitary
D. None of the above
Which of the following is associated with a low concentration of ionized calcium in the serum ?
A. Osteogenesis imperfecta
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Paget’s disease of the bone
D. Tetany
Which of the following hormones is released from the posterior pituitary ?
A. Growth hormone
B. Antidiuretic hormone
C. ACTH
D. Luetinizing hormone
All of the following are adverse effects of long- term corticosteroids EXCEPT____________?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Peptic ulcers
C. Psychosis
D. Osteoporosis
Which amongst the following is the gold standard for demonstrating hcG____________?
A. Radio immune assay
B. Immunofluorescence
C. Latex agglutination
D. ELISA
Which one of the following is a precursor of both gonadal and adrenocortical hormones_____________?
A. Progesterone
B. Testosterone
C. Cortisol
D. Corticosterone
Inhibit b hormone has effect on_______________?
A. Seminiferous tubules
B. FSH
C. Sertoli cells
D. Spermatogenesis
Glucose tolerance test is usually done to assess_____________?
A. Carcinoma of Head of Pancreas
B. Acute Pancreatitis
C. Acinar Function of the Pancreas
D. Endocrine Dysfunction of Pancreas
Which of the following hormones act via cAMP ?
A. Vasopressin
B. Parathormone
C. Insulin
D. Adrenalin
Insulin increases the activity of___________?
A. HMG. CoA reductase
B. HMG- CoA synthase
C. HMG- CoA lyase
D. Thiolase
Hyperthyroidism can be caused by____________?
A. Hydralazine
B. Amiodarone
C. Clonidine
D. Penicillamine
Hormones FSH & LH of anterior pituitary gland acts on___________________?
A. Ovaries but not testis
B. Testis but not ovaries
C. Both Testis and ovaries
D. Adrenal cortex
Removal of parathyroid gland produces the following changes EXCEPT_________________?
A. hypo calcemic tetany
B. Decrease in plasma phosphate level
C. Neuromuscular hyperexcitability
D. Decline plasma calcium level
Fertilized ovum usually gets attached to the uterus wall in ____________?
A. 28 days
B. 14 days
C. 8 weeks
D. 1 week
Aldosterone secretion is increased when there is a fall in____________?
A. pH of the plasma
B. Plasma Na+
C. Plasma K+
D. Angiotensin II level
Hormone responsible for milk ejection______________?
A. Oxytocin
B. Progesterone
C. Estrogen
D. Prolactin
The most significant immediate result of lowered serum calcium is_______________?
A. Decalcification of teeth
B. Decalcification of bones
C. Weakened heart action
D. Hyperirritability of nerves and muscles
Tetany is characterized by ________________?
A. Increased serum calcium concentration
B. Hypertonicity of muscles
C. Hypotonicity of muscles
D. None of the above
The effect which is seen due to decrease in serum calcium concentration is_______________?
A. Increase the renal absorption
B. Excitability of the muscle
C. Relaxation of muscle
D. Depression of Nervous system
Paneth cells secrete which of the following ?
A. Antibacterial substance
B. Maltase
C. Lipase
D. Secretin
following are the features of cretinism, except_____________?
A. Idiotic look
B. Pot-belly
C. Normal intelligence
D. Stunted growth
All of the following hormones have cell surface receptors except_____________?
A. Growth Hormone
B. Adrenalin
C. Insulin
D. Thyroxine
Osteoclasts are inhibited / modified and regulated by____________?
A. 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferols
B. Calcitonin
C. Parathyroid hormone
D. Tumor necrosis factor
Blood coagulation is impaired in___________?
A. Tetany
B. Rickets
C. Hyperparathyrodism
D. None
A child is below the third percentile for height. Growth velocity is normal, but chronologic age is more than skeletal age. The most likely diagnosis is______________?
A. Constitutional delay in growth
B. Primordial dwarfism
C. Genetic short stature
D. Hypopituitarism
Noradrenaline is differentiated from adrenaline by increasing___________?
A. Cardiac output
B. Heart rate
C. Peripheral resistance
D. All of the above
Following are local hormones except___________?
A. Insulin
B. Bradykinin
C. Heparin
D. Acetylcholine
Oxytocin causes all accept_______________?
A. Lactogenesis
B. Contraction of uterine muscle
C. Milk ejection
D. Myoepithelial cell contraction
Cortisol levels are maximum during____________?
A. Evening
B. Early morning
C. Sleep
D. Have no change
IN the adrenal gland, androgens are produced by the cells in the____________?
A. Zona fasciculata
B. Zona reticularis
C. Zona glomerulosa
D. Medulla
FSH is secreted by_____________?
A. Acidophiles
B. Basophils
C. Chromophobes
D. Theca intern cells
Reverse T3 is__________________?
A. Reverse of T3
B. Isomerisation product of T3 and active
C. Isomerisation product of T3 and inactive
D. Synthetic derivative
Menopausal hormonal relations are______________?
A. Estrogens and gonadotropins decrease
B. Gonadotropins increase , estrogens decrease
C. Lh/FSH increase
D. Both increase
Not true about T3 and T4 is______________?
A. Absorption of T4 is more than T3
B. T4 binds to prealbumin
C. T3 more potent than T4
D. Concentration of T4 is more than T3
Ovulation is associated with sudden rise in______________?
A. Testosterone
B. Prolactin
C. L.H
D. Oxytocin
There absorption of sodium chloride in kidneys is controlled by the hormones____________?
A. A.D.H. and vasopressin
B. Aldosterone
C. Adrenaline
D. All of the above
The following hormones increase the blood glucose level except_____________?
A. Growth Hormone
B. Parathormone
C. Thyroxine
D. Epinephrine
Glucocorticoids decrease inflammatory reaction by reducing_______________?
A. Fibroblastic activity
B. Release of histamine
C. Activity of histamine
D. Neutrophils
The supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus is believed to control secretion of which of the following hormones ?
A. Antidiuretic hormone
B. Growth hormone
C. Oxytocin
D. Adreno corticotrophic hormone
Acromegaly is a disorder of____________?
A. Excess growth hormone secreting
B. Excess ACTH secretion
C. Excess thyroxine secretion
D. Excess FSH secretion
All the following hormones bind to cell surface receptors of the target tissues EXCEPT_____________?
A. Glucagon
B. Thyroid stimulating hormone
C. Estrogen
D. Epinephrine
Which of these following is not an effect of insulin ?
A. Increased transport of glucose into cells
B. Increased glycogenolysis
C. Decreased gluconeogenesis
D. Induction of lipoprotein lipase
The hormone having the maximum effect on granulation wound healing is____________?
A. Parathormone
B. Cortisone
C. Thyroxine
D. Epinephrine
Endocrine glands that are not influenced by the pituitary gland include the____________?
A. Adrenal cortex, parathyroids and ovaries
B. Adrenal medulla, parathyroids, and the islets of langerhans
C. Thyroid gland, testes , and adrenal medulla
D. Pancreas, adrenal medulla and thyroid gland
Glucagon is secreted by ____________?
A. Alpha cells of pancreas
B. Gamma cells of pancreas
C. Beta cells of pancreas
D. None of the above
The receptors for parathyroid hormone are present in______________?
A. Periosteum
B. Osteoclasts
C. Osteoblasts
D. Cartilage
Negative BMR is observed with______________?
A. Parathyroid
B. Thyroid disturbance
C. Pituitary disturbance
D. All of the above
Glucocorticoids have all the following actions except_______________?
A. Increase in protein catabolism
B. Increase in blood glucose level
C. Anti – insulin action in peripheral tissues
D. Decrease in glucose uptake by the heart
Excess of cortisol causes______________?
A. Acromegaly
B. Cushing ‘s syndrome
C. Conn’s syndrome
D. Diabetes insipidus
A diet deficient in calcium will result in_____________?
A. Increased ability to cross – link fibrin
B. Stimulation of the thyroid gland
C. Production of Calcitonin and a low blood calcium level
D. Production of parathyroid hormone and bone resorption
Adrenal gland has two parts; cortex and medulla. Which of the following is correct______________?
A. Cortex is under the control of ACTH
B. Cortex is exocrine and medulla is endocrine
C. Both cortex and medulla are under the control of autonomic nervous system
D. All of the above
Enzymes, which play an important role in calcification are______________?
A. Alkaline phosphatase and catalase
B. Enolase and Calcitonin
C. Alkaline phosphatase and pyrophophatase
D. Pyrophosphatase and carbonic anhydrase
Endocrine disorder is the primary cause of______________?
A. Acromegaly
B. Paget’s disease
C. Albright’s syndrome
D. Fibrous dysplasia
Low calcium level will cause_____________?
A. Weak heart action
B. Hyper excitability of wrist muscle
C. Tetanus
D. All of the above
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones is primarily under inhibitory control of hypothalamus ?
A. GRH
B. TSH
C. Somatostatin
D. Prolactin
Which of the following hormones exerts the least effect on calcium metabolism of bone tissue ?
A. Estrogen
B. Anderogen
C. Nor epinephrine
D. Thyroid hormone
Which of the following hormones does not affect growth ?
A. Oxytocin
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Somatotropins
D. Estrogen
Calcitonin is released by ___________________?
A. Parafollicular cells of thyroid
B. Granular cells of adrenal gland
C. Chief cells of thyroid
D. Stratum fasciculata of adrenal gland
Function of ADH is________________?
A. Water reabsorption
B. Na+ absorption
C. Water excretion
D. K+ secretion
Which hormone , together with the catecholamines enhances the tone of vascular smooth muscle and assists in elevating blood pressure ?
A. Glucagon
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Thyroxine
D. Cortisol
A child with stunted growth with a stuffed – belly, and short stature with mental retardation is suffering from the deficiency of which of the following______________?
A. Thyroxine
B. Rickets
C. Growth hormone
D. Parathyroid
Deficiency of cortisol causes_______________?
A. Graves’ disease
B. Cushing syndrome
C. Addison disease
D. Acromegaly
Due fear which of the following hormones increases rapidly _______________?
A. Corticosteroid
B. Epinephrine
C. Growth hormones
D. Thyroid hormone
Which hormone is released when serum calcium decreases ?
A. Parathormone
B. Thyroxine
C. Calcitonin
D. Adrenaline
In children, hypothyroidism causes_____________?
A. Gigantism
B. Cretinism
C. Acromegaly
D. Myxodedema
In conn’s disease, there is an excess of______________?
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
C. Adrenaline
D. Noradrenaline